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牛津实用英语语法-第83部分

小说: 牛津实用英语语法 字数: 每页4000字

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be away(intr)(至少有一个晚上)不在家,不在某地
be back(intr)在长期或短暂地离开之后回到原地:
—I want to see Mrs Pitt.Is she in?
—No,I’m afraid she’s out at the moment./No,I’m afraid she’s awayfor the weekend.
—When will she be back?
—She’ll be back in half an hour/next week.
—我想见皮特夫人。她在吗?
—不,恐怕她现在不在。/不,我想她外出度周末了。
—她什么时候回来?
—她半小时后/下周回来。
be for(tr)赞成(常带动名词)
be in(intr)在家或在某个建筑物内
be in for(tr)将要遇上(常跟某种令人不愉快的事):
Did you listen to the weather forecast? I’m afraid we’re in for a bumpyflight.
你听气象预报没有?恐怕我们这次航班要很颠簸。
If you think that the work is going to be easy you’re in for a shock.
如果你以为这工作将容易,那么你可要大吃一惊了。
be out(intr)短时间不在家/不在某个建筑物里,但并不在外过夜
be over(intr)结束:
The storm is over now;we can go on.
暴风雨过去了;我们可以继续走了。
be up(intr)起床了:
Don’t expect her to answer the doorbell at eight o’clock on Sundaymorning.She won’t be up.
星期日早上8点钟时,别指望她听见门铃响会来开门。她那时还没有起床呢。
be up to(tr)体力或智力足以……(宾语常用it,但也可用动名词):
After his illness the Minister continued in office though he was no longerup to the work/up to doing the work.
部长生病后继续任职,但他已力不胜任了。
be up to something/some mischief/some trick/no good从事或忙于某种调皮的、不正道的或有害的事/捣鬼:
Don’t trust him;he is up to something/some trick.
别信他;他在搞鬼/在耍诡计。
The boys are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.
男孩子们无声无息了。我不知他们在捣什么鬼。
注意:这里up to的宾语常是某一很不确定的词语,如上面例句所示。这个习语从来不与某一具体明确的事连用。
it is up to someone(常带动词不定式)此事是某人的职责:
It is up to the government to take action on violence.
采取行动对付暴力行为,是政府职责所在。
I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you.
我已尽我所能地帮助你了。现在该看你自己了。(你得靠自己的努力干下去。)
bear
bear out(tr)证实,提供证明:
This report bears out my theory.(bears my theory out/bears it out)
这报告证实了我的理论。
bear up(intr)听到坏消息仍能勇敢支撑,掩饰感情或忧伤:
The news of her death was a great shock to him but he bore up bravely and none of us realized how much he felt it.
她故去的消息对他来讲是个打击,但他勇敢地支撑着,我们谁也没意识到他的感受该有多么强烈。
blow
blow out(tr)吹熄:
The wind blew out the candle.(blew the candle out/blew it out)
风吹灭了蜡烛。
blow up(tr/intr)
(a)用爆炸的方法毁灭,爆炸,被毁:
They blew up the bridges so that the enemy couldn’t follow them.(blew the bridges up/blew them up)
他们炸毁了桥,好让敌人不能追上他们。
Just as we got to the bridge it blew up.
我们刚到桥头,桥就炸掉了。
(b)充气,打气,使膨胀:
The children blew up their balloons and threw them into the air.( blew the balloons up/blew them up)
孩子们把气球吹鼓了,扔向空中。
boil
boil away(intr)(液体)因沸腾而挥发完,熬干:
I put the kettle on the gas ring and then went away and forgot about it.
When I returned, the water had all boiled away and the flame had burnta hole in the kettle.
我把壶放在煤气灶上,然后就走开把这事忘掉了。我回来时,水都烧干了,火把壶底烧出了一个窟窿。
boil over(intr)(液体因沸腾而)溢到容器外面:
The milk boiled over and there was a horrible smell of burning.
牛奶潽了,烧糊的味道极为难闻。
break
break down a door etc.用强力敲破或撞破:
The firemen had to break down the door to get into the burning house.
(break the door down/break it down)
消防员不得不破门而入以便到着火的房子里边去。
break down figures将一数目分别列在不同项目下以作进一步说明:
You say that 10,000 people use this library.Could you break that downinto age…groups?
你说有10,000人使用这所图书馆。你能否按年龄组将数字分解一下?(即说出有多少人是25岁以下的,有多少人是50岁以上的等等)
break down(intr)由于有缺陷或强度不够而坏掉或不再正常运作:
(a)常指人暂时感情支持不住:
He broke down when telling me about his son’s tragic death.
他向我谈到他儿子惨死的事时,不能自已了。(他失声痛哭了。)
(b)指丧失精神上的抵抗力:
At first he refused to admit his guilt but when he was shown the evidencehe broke down and confessed.
起初他否认有罪,但给他看证据时,他招架不住而供认了。
(c)指身体健康状况严重恶化:
After years of overwork his health broke down and he had to retire.
在多年劳累之后,他的身体垮了,只好退休。
(d)常指机器坏了:
The car broke down when we were driving through the desert and it tookus two days to repair it.
我们驾车横越沙漠时,汽车坏了,花了两天才修好。
(e)指交涉或谈判的破裂:
The negotiations broke down because neither side would promise.
因为双方都不肯妥协,谈判破裂了。
break in(intr), break into(tr)
(a)用暴力强行进入:
Thieves broke in and stole the silver.
窃贼破门而入,偷走了银器。
The house was broken into when the owner was on holiday.
屋主外出度假时,有贼破门而入。
(b)突然说话打断别人:
I was telling them about my travels when he broke in with a story of hisown.
我正在告诉他们我旅途中的事,他忽然插嘴讲起他自己的故事来。
break in 燼 young horse/pony etc.(tr)训练(马等)以供驾驭使用:
You cannot ride or drive a horse safely before he has been broken in.
在没有把马训练好以前,不管骑它还是用它驾车都是不安全的。
break off(tr/intr)解开,破开,使分裂开或自己破裂开:
He took a bar of chocolate and broke off a bit.(broke a bit off/broke itoff)
他拿出一板巧克力,掰下了一小块。
A piece of rock broke off and fell into the pool at the foot of the cliff.
一块岩石断裂开,掉到悬崖脚下的池塘里。
break off(tr)终止,停止,取消(常跟协议、协商或谈判等):
Ann has broken off her engagement to Tom.(broken her engagement off/broken it off)
安已经取消了同汤姆的婚约。
break off(intr)突然停止说话,突然住口:
They were in the middle of an argument but broke off when someonecame into the room.
他们正争吵不休,但有人进屋时他们突然住口了。
break out(intr)
(a)开始,爆发(常用于诸如战争、流行病、火灾等不好的事):
War broke out on 4 Angust.
战争于8月4日爆发。
(b)用暴力方法从监狱等地逃出:
They locked him up in a room but he broke out.
他们把他锁在一间屋里,可是他强行逃出了。(砸开门跑掉了)
The police are looking for two men who broke out of prison last night.
警方正在搜捕昨天晚上越狱逃跑的两名男子。
break up(tr/intr)(使)瓦解,(使)解体:
If that ship stays there she will break up/she will be broken up by thewaves.
那艘船如果停泊在那里,就会破的/会被浪头打散的。
The old ship was towed away to be broken up and sold as scrap.
那艘旧船被拖走以便拆散当废铁卖了。
Divorce breaks up a lot of families.(breaks families up/breaks them up)
离婚拆散了许多家庭。
break up(intr)(用于学校的学期、会议、聚会等)散会,放假:
The school broke up on 30 July and all the boys went home for the holi… days.
学校在7月30日放假了,男孩子们都回家度假去了。
The meeting broke up in confusion.
会议在一片混乱中散了。
bring
bring someone round(tr;宾语常位于round之前)
(a)说服某人接受以前所反对的建议:
After a lot of argument I brought him round to my point of view.
在争辩了很久之后,我说服他转念同意了我的看法。
(b)使恢复知觉:
She fainted with the pain but a little brandy soon brought her round.
她痛得昏厥了,但是一小点白兰地很快使她恢复了知觉。
bring a person or thing round(tr;宾语常位于 round之前)把人或物带到某人的住所去:
I have finished that book that you lent me; I’ll bring it round(to your house)tonight.
你借给我的书我已经看完了;我今晚上把它带(到你家里)来。
bring up(tr)
(a)教育培养儿童:
She brought up her children to be truthful.(brought her children up/brought them up)
她教导她的孩子们要真诚无欺。
(b)提起,谈到:
At the last mittee meeting,the treasurer brought up the question of raising the annual subscription.(brought the question up/brought it up)
委员会上一次开会时,财务主管提出了提高会员年费的问题。
burn
burn down(tr/intr)(完全)焚毁(指建筑物):
The mob burnt down the embassy.(burnt the embassy down/burnt it down)
乱民把大使馆焚毁了。
The hotel burnt down before help came.
旅馆在援助到来以前就烧毁了。
call
1 call走访,拜访
call at。走访一个地方:
I called at the bank and arranged to transfer some m

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