经济史的趣味-第61部分
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压摇⑹谐 ⒒肪痴馊鼋巧辉釉谝黄穑龀龆嗝嫦虻某な逼诜治觥0炎匀换肪车谋浠⑴┮底试吹脑黾酢⒕糜肷缁岬谋淝ā⒊⒌呐Α⑷嗣袂笊囊庵荆庑└丛拥拿嫦蚪岷显谝黄穑鸭虻サ娜丝趘s。粮食(马尔萨斯陷阱)思考模式。三、从「史家的技艺」这个角度来看,作者运用经济学的几何图形解说、计量回归分析、统计相关检定,把她从档案里挖掘出来的数字和史料,做了有机的结合,让数值分析与历史诠释产生巧妙的结合。我希望点出李教授的研究特点,引发读者的好奇心,进而阅读有兴趣的章节。
书背有两位汉学界的重量级人物,各为此书写了一段推介文字。麻省理工学院(MIT)的Peter Perdue教授说:饥荒是中国史上最重要的题材之一,这是人口与粮食之间永无间断的争斗。李教授从档案史料中,搜寻出非常广泛的数据数据与原始文献,所探讨的时期纵跨了三个世纪之长。历来研究中国饥荒问题的著作,在分析的成熟度上、数据的完整性上、讨论的深邃度上,都比不上这本书。我非常同意这项判断。
这本五百多页的巨着,包含27个表、28个图、16张地图、6张相片、61页注释、24页参考书目,处处显现作者二十年间的心血结晶,这是李明珠教授的传世之作。此书制作印刷非常精美,只是字体稍小,读起来耗眼力。
二十多年前我读邓云特《中国救荒史》(1937)时,一直希望看到较深入的分区个案研究。时间过得很快,李教授这本巨着远远超过我的预期。我一直注意各国的饥荒史研究,爱尔兰、印度、孟加拉国、非洲、芬兰的状况已有许多文献,现在这本《华北饥荒》,终于让国际学界等到企盼已久的中国案例。这本书的分量,更让我感到与有荣焉。
最后要提一件间接相关,但我认为很重要的事。目前在科罗拉多大学Boulder校区经济系任教的Carol Shiue,1999年在耶鲁大学取得经济学博士,论文主题是晚清的粮食贸易与储存,指导教授是Timothy Guinnane。这本论文是当年美国经济史学会的年度最佳博士论文奖之一,摘要见:“Grain Trade and Storage in Late Imperial China;” Journal of Economic History; 60(2):51115。
她毕业后任教于德州大学Austin校区经济系,2002年她发表一篇论文,分析中国米粮价格运送成本与市场的整合度:“Transport Costs and the Geography of Arbitrage in EighteenthCentury China;” American Economic Review; 92(5):140619。这是中国经济史的题材,首次登上这么重要的经济学期刊。两年后,Shiue发表第二篇重要论文:“Local Granaries and Central Government Disaster Relief: Moral Hazard and Intergovernmental Finance in Eighteenth and NieenthCentury China;” Journal of Economic History; 64(1):10024。2007年,她和在同系任教的丈夫Wolfgang Keller,再度发表重要论文,对比中国和欧洲米粮市场的整合度:“Markets in China and Europe on the Eve of the Industrial Revolution;” American Economic Review; 97(4):1189216。29我的用意是要说明:一、李明珠和Carol Shiue这两位女性学者,在国际学术界做出引人注目的中国经济史研究成果。二、Shiue运用经济与计量分析工具,把中国的数字与故事,转化成非常高质量的成果,更是中国经济史研究者应该学习效法的模范。
原刊于《中央研究院近代史研究所集刊》2008年6月第60期
附录3
中国经济史英文论文参考书目
以下是1949年之前,中国与台湾经济史的英文论文参考书目。这是我的私房阅读清单,并非都是值得推荐的佳作。目的是方便自己查索,顺便提供读者参考,当然有许多好文章没列举到。我用最简单的姓氏与年份排序,没有做题材性的分门别类。中文的经济史单篇论文,请参见《中国经济史研究》(季刊)、《中国社会经济史研究》(季刊)、《经济史》(双月刊,复印非经济史专业期刊的相关论文)。有两套论文选集可以参考:(1)《中国经济发展史论文选集》上下册,台北:联经(1980,收录中英论文42篇)。(2) Michael Dillon (2008) ed。: Key Papers on Chinese Economic History up to 1949; Kent: Global Oriental (48 texts in 2 volumes)。中英文的经济史专书,很容易在图书馆或网络内搜寻到。
Allen Robert (2009): Agricultural productivity and rural ines in England and the Yangtze Delta; c。 1620 c。 1820; Economic History Review; 62(3):52550。
Aly; Hassan and Richard Grabowski (1988): Technical change; technical efficiency and input usage in Taiwanese agricultural growth; Applied Economics; 20(7):88999。
Anderton; Douglas and Richard Barrett (1990): Demographic seasonality and development: the effect of agricultural colonialism in Taiwan; 19061942; Demography; 27(3):397411。
Arrigo; Linda Gail (1986): Landownership concentration in China: the Buck survey revisited; Modern China; 12(3):259360。
Ashton; Basil; K。 Hill; A。 Piazza and R。 Zeitz (1984): Famine in China; 195861; Population and Development Review; 10(4):61345。
Atwell; William (1977): Notes on silver; foreign trade and the late Ming economy; Ch'ingShih Went'i; 3(8):133。
Atwell; William (1982): International bullion flows and the Chinese economy circa 15301650; Past and Present; 95:6890。
Atwell; William (1986): Some observations on the 〃seventeenthcentury crisis〃 in China and Japan; Journal of Asian Studies; 45(2):22344。
Atwell; William (2002): Time; money; and the weather: Ming China and the “Great Depression” of the midfifteenth century; Journal of Asian Studies; 61(1):83113。
Balazs; Etienne (1960): The birth of capitalism in China; Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient; 3:196216。
Barclay; George; Ansley Coale; Michael Stoto and T。 James Trussell (1976): A reassessment of the demography of traditional rural China; Population Index; 42:60635。
Benjamin; Dwayne and Lauren Brandt (1995): Markets; discrimination; and the economic contribution of women in China: historical evidence; Economic Development and Cultural Change; 44(1):63104。
Benjamin; Dwayne and Lauren Brandt (1997): Land; factor markets; and inequality in rural China: historical evidence; Explorations in Economic History; 34:46094。
Bergère; MarieClaire (1984): On the historical origins of Chinese underdevelopment; Theory and Society; 13:32737。
Bernholz; Peter (1997): Paper money inflation; prices; Gresham’s Law and exchange rates in Ming China; Kredit und Kapital; 30(1):3551。
Bessler; David (1990): A note on Chinese rice price; Explorations in Economic History; 27(3):28798。
Blussé; Leonard (1996): No boats to China: the Dutch East India pany and the changing pattern of the China Sea trade; 16351690; Modern Asian Studies; 30(1):5176。
Brandt; Loren (1985): Chinese agricultural and the international economy; 18701930s: a reassessment; Explorations in Economic History; 22(2):16893。
Brandt; Loren (1987): Farm household behavior; factor markets; and the distributive consequences of mercialization in early 20thcentury China; Journal of Economic History; 47(3):71137。
Brandt; Loren and Thomas Sargent (1989): Interpreting new evidence about China and U。S。 silver purchases; Journal of Moary Economics; 23(1):3151。
Brown; S。R。 (1978): The partially opened door: limitations on economic change in China in the 1860s; Modern Asian Studies; 12:17792。
Brown; S。R。 (1979): The transfer of technology to China in the 19th century: the role of direct foreign investment; Journal of Economic History; 39:18197。
Brown; Shannon and Tim Wright (1981): Technology; economics; and politics in the modernization of China's coalmining industry; Explorations in Economic History; 18(1):6083。
Buck; David (1984): Themes in the socioeconomic history of China; 18401949 (a review article); Journal of Asian Studies; 43(3):45973。
Burdekin; Richard and Hsinhui I。H。 Whited (2001): Multiple regime shifts and multiple ends of the Taiwanese hyperinflation; 19451953; Southern Economic Journal; 68(1):7791。
Chan; Anthony (1977): The consortium system in Republican China; 19123; Journal of European Economic History; 6(3):597640。
Chan; Hoklam (1992): The organization and utilization of labor service under the Jurchen Chin dynasty; Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies; 52(2):61364。
Chan; Wellington; K。K。 (1996): Personal styles; cultural values and management: the Sincere and Wing On panies in Shanghai and Hong Kong; Business History Review; 70:14166。
Chang; Juite (1993): Technology transfer in modern China: the case of railway enterprise; 18761937; Modern Asian Studies; 27(2):28196。
Chang; Tech'ang (1972): The economic role of the Imperial household (neiwufu) in the Ch'ing Dynasty; Journal of Asian Studies; 31(2):24373。
Chao; Kang (1981): New data on land ownership patterns in MingCh'ing China (a research note); Journal of Asian Studies; 40(4):71934。
Chao; Kang (1983): Tenure systems in traditional China; Economic Development and Cultural Change; 31(2):295314。
Chen; Chaonan (1975): Flexible bimetallic exchange rates in China; 16501850: a historical example of optimum currency areas; Journal of Money; Credit and Banking; 7(3):35976。
Chen; Chaonan; Pintsun Chang and Shikuan Chen (1995): The Sung and Ming paper monies: currency peti